Organization design reimagined: The Spotify model | Ingentis (2024)

Organization design reimagined: The Spotify model | Ingentis (1)

The Spotify model in practice

Many businesses are constantly on the lookout for structures optimized for their specific purposes. Seeing as there are ample examples of various organizational structures, those responsible for organizational design are typically well equipped with tried-and-true models – and as a consequence, it is uncommon for them to invent completely new structures for themselves which might provide a more perfectly optimized organization. That is, until Spotify came along, and did exactly that – created the perfect model for their business and customer needs. Below we will discuss Spotify’s organizational model, and what you can learn from it for your own business.

The Spotify model is an agile organizational structure developed by the Swedish music streaming platform, which foster collaboration, flexibility, and innovation among its employees. It is based on the principle of agile work, which itself relies on continuous collaboration, open feedback, and experimentation in an effort to respond quickly to changes in market and customer needs.

Content

  1. The new work world: Squads, Tribes, Chapters, and Guilds
  2. The benefits of the Spotify model
  3. How to implement the Spotify model

The New World of Work: Squads, Tribes, Chapters, and Guilds

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The Spotify model structure is organized into Squads, Tribes (departments), Chapters, and Guilds. Squads are small, autonomous teams which concentrate on specific tasks or products as a means of agile work, which provide results more quickly. Each Tribe consists of multiple Squads which have similar business strategies or products being developed. Tribes closely resemble more traditional departments. Chapters, in turn, are specialized groups that focus on sets of specific skills such as design or development. Chapters then develop and share their skills within their squads. Lastly, Guilds are informal groups made of employees that share interests and passions that don’t directly relate to the work they’re doing.

The Spotify model offers these advantages

The Spotify model is a flat hierarchy leveraging a collaborative work culture that allows its employees to move freely between, and work on, various projects – which in turn allows for the employees to work on and improve their competencies.”
“There are a number of benefits for companies that wish to implement an agile organizational structure.

Flexibility and Adaptability

The Spotify model enables businesses to quickly respond to changing market conditions and customer demands by organizing teams into small, autonomous squads which are capable of making independent decisions and enacting them at a moment’s notice.

Effective Collaboration

By working together in Squads, and fostering collaboration between both Squads and specialist groups, employees can work together in a more effective manner, sharing knowledge in order to find solutions to complex problems.

Creativity and Innovation

By creating an agile and experimental work environment, employees can be encouraged to try out new ideas and approaches – in short, the Spotify model allows for businesses to cultivate creativity and inspire innovation in its employees.

Engagement

The Spotify model encourages increased employee engagement by providing them with the freedom and flexibility to work on projects that better align to their skills and interests.

Flat Hierarchy

The Spotify model offers up a flat hierarchy with decentralized decision-making, which can lead to greater efficiency and expedites decisions.

How to implement the Spotify model

Overall, the Spotify model offers a modern, flexible organizational structure which helps companies to adapt quickly to dynamic market conditions, increases employee engagement, and fosters creative thinking and innovation. Implementing the Spotify model does however require careful planning to ensure proper execution. Below are several steps that companies have to take to implement the Spotify model.

1.

Identify business goals and strategies

Identify your business goals and strategies so that you can tailor the Spotify model to your specific needs.

2.

Establish Squads

Set up teams of employees to work in small squads in order to take care of specific tasks or products. Each Squad should consist of employees with different skills to ensure all necessary aspects of the product or service are taken into account.

3.

Creation of Tribes

Your company’s Squads should be organized into larger units that will work on complimentary business goals and strategies. Tribes should have a clear governance structure to ensure that all Squads within the Tribe work in a well-coordinated manner.

4.

Draw up Chapters

Specialist groups have their own specific competencies which can be subdivided within Squads. Chapters should meet up regularly in order to exchange best-practices and know-how.

5.

Set up Guilds

Guilds should be informal groups of employees, which offer them with the chance to engage in their mutual interests and passions such as art, music, sports, or other activities.

6.

Creation of an agile work environment

Make sure that your work environment is both flexible and agile so that Squads and Tribes can quickly address changing conditions. This may involve, for instance, the implementation of agile process and technologies, like Scrum or Kaban.

7.

Introduction and measurement of KPIs

Introduce KPIs that align with your business goals and strategies in order to measure the success of your implementation of the Spotify model.

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Organization design reimagined: The Spotify model | Ingentis (2024)

FAQs

What is the organization structure of the Spotify model? ›

The New World of Work: Squads, Tribes, Chapters, and Guilds

The Spotify model structure is organized into Squads, Tribes (departments), Chapters, and Guilds. Squads are small, autonomous teams which concentrate on specific tasks or products as a means of agile work, which provide results more quickly.

Why is the Spotify model broken? ›

Not Agile enough: Despite its name, the Spotify model has been criticized for not being Agile enough. Some experts argue that the model is too rigid, bureaucratic, and hierarchical, which goes against Agile values and principles. This can lead to a lack of innovation, creativity, and responsiveness.

What is the Spotify model? ›

What is the Spotify model? The Spotify model is a people-driven, autonomous approach for scaling agile that emphasizes the importance of culture and network.

What is the Spotify model chapter leader? ›

Leadership within the squad is self-determined, while the chapter leader is a formal manager who focuses on coaching and mentoring. Spotify believes in the player-coach model: Chapter leaders are also squad members. Squad members can switch squads and retain the same formal leader within their chapter.

What design system does Spotify use? ›

Encore Foundation

It is also the place where design tokens reside. These are the primary things that almost all companies should incorporate in their design systems. In fact, this is what makes Spotify look the way it does. All Spotify products are required to use the Encore Foundation.

What is the organizational culture of Spotify? ›

Our culture at Spotify is built on controlled chaos, transparency, operating with speed, testing without fear of failing, and collaboration. Our cultural DNA is helping tremendously in today's environment, however, maintaining the connection to the company culture is a challenge.

What are the disadvantages of the Spotify model? ›

Cons of the Spotify model
  • No clear hierarchy: The Spotify organizational structure is flat, which encourages autonomy but may leave teams wondering who makes decisions. ...
  • Risk of silos: Despite the aim for collaboration, having autonomous squads can result in silos where teams choose to work independently.
Oct 23, 2023

Is the Spotify model still used? ›

The “Spotify Model” probably isn't a model and definitely isn't what is currently practiced at Spotify today. (Some suggest it never was.) The below image was made famous in a video by Henrik Kniberg, where he explains how work was organized into Squads, Tribes, and Guilds.

What is Spotify's biggest problem? ›

Spotify faces particular scrutiny due to its free service tier, which allows users to listen free with advertisem*nts between tracks. The tier has led to a variety of major album releases being delayed or withdrawn from the service.

What is the design concept of Spotify? ›

Everything we design looks and feels reassuringly Spotify. We aim for coherence across products as a way to build familiarity and trust. That's why we follow our design system—we start by reusing rather than reinventing. We want our experiences to reuse and adapt for consistency; nobody should be reinventing the wheel.

What is the Spotify model and SAFe? ›

In a nutshell, SAFe®, as its full name implies, relies more on a framework and very specific recommendations for implementation whereas the Spotify Model with its lighter approach typically works best when Agile coaches are involved as it can be trickier to implement.

What model does Spotify use now? ›

Spotify had already started a shift from the model where the user does the work by following people and playlists to build their music library, to a recommendations-based model, where the service does the work based on what the user has listened to in the past.

What is the organizational structure of Spotify? ›

The Spotify model structure is organized into Squads, Tribes (departments), Chapters, and Guilds. Squads are small, autonomous teams which concentrate on specific tasks or products as a means of agile work, which provide results more quickly.

What is a tribe in Spotify model? ›

A Tribe in the Spotify Model is an incubator for mini-startups. In other words, a group of Agile Squads working on the same business area. In addition, the Tribe perimeter is defined to enforce autonomy and to limit dependencies with other Tribes.

What are the roles and responsibilities of the Spotify model? ›

The Spotify model is organized around cross-functional teams called "Squads". Each Squad is responsible for a specific aspect of the product or service, and is made up of individuals with diverse skills and expertise, including developers, designers, and product owners; they are like a Scrum Team.

What is the business model of Spotify company? ›

Its main revenue source comes from users upgrading to a premium subscription. Spotify is a music streaming platform that gives users access to a large catalog of music. It uses a freemium revenue model that offers a basic, limited, ad-supported service for free and an unlimited premium service for a subscription fee.

What type of business organization is Spotify? ›

Spotify operates under a freemium business model (basic services are free, while additional features are offered via paid subscriptions). Spotify generates revenue by selling premium streaming subscriptions to users and advertising placements to third parties.

What is the operating model of Spotify? ›

The Spotify Model is composed of several key components, each with its own purpose and function. These components include Squads, Tribes, Chapters, and Guilds. Together, they form a unique organizational structure that promotes autonomy, collaboration, and continuous improvement.

Is Spotify a matrix organization? ›

Then there's Spotify, who dubbed their own version of the matrix structure “The Spotify Model.” As shown below, Tribes – made up of specialists and those passionate about a specific goal – team up to focus on a project.

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