Why do identical twins have different fingerprints? (2024)

In the late 1800s, doctors and scientists began gathering evidence that the pattern of ridges on a person’s fingersisnot onlyunique to them,but alsostaysthe same throughout their life, making fingerprints useful for identification. It wasn’t long before fingerprints were being used to catch criminals and they remain an important forensic tool today.

The likelihood of two people sharing identical fingerprints by chance is estimated to be less than one in64 billion. Based on those odds, researchers have calculated that it would take more than a million years for twopeople withidentical fingerprints to appear by chance in Scotland Yard’s fingerprint database.

Even identical twins – who have the same DNA sequence and tend to share a very similar appearance – have slightly different fingerprints. That’s because fingerprints are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors during development in the womb.

Fingerprints are set between 13 and 19 weeks of foetal development. The precise details of the whorls, ridges, and loops are affected by many factors, including umbilical cord length, position in the womb, blood pressure, nutrition and the rate of finger growth. Those small differences can become more pronounced after birthas a result of differences in weight and height, for example.

So, although their shared DNA means identical twins’ fingerprints do tend to be more similar than those of strangers, forensic experts and state-of-the-art recognition software can still spot the difference, making it harder than you might think for twins to become criminal masterminds.

But fingerprints are not unique to humans. Chimpanzees and gorillas also have fine ridges on their fingertips that seem to be unique to individuals, which we probably inherited from a shared ancestor. Plus, a more distant relative, thekoala, has independently evolved fingerprints that are surprisingly similar to ours.

Read more:

Asked by: Eleanor Warnes, Bolton

To submit your questions email us at questions@sciencefocus.com (don't forget to include your name and location)

Why do identical twins have different fingerprints? (2024)

FAQs

Why do identical twins have different fingerprints? ›

But, like those who aren't twins, identical twins all have unique fingerprints. Due to environmental factors that affect their development inside the womb, it's impossible for identical twins to have the exact same fingerprints.

Why do identical twins look different? ›

The most obvious reason is that their lifestyle habits differ. Differences in things like diet, exercise and sleep surely result in different types and volumes of substances generated within the body. Another reason is connected to DNA: each twin's DNA sequence changes slightly over time after they begin life.

Why are no two fingerprints the same? ›

Waves of chemical signals spread across developing fingers, creating one-of-a-kind patterns of ridges. No two fingerprints are exactly the same. That's what makes them so useful for police and smartphones to positively identify people.

Can we use DNA fingerprinting to tell the difference between identical twins? ›

They both came from the same fertilized egg and share the same genetic code. They cannot be distinguished by a common DNA test. Even yet, there is at least one way to distinguish them from one another, as identical twins do not have identical fingerprints, as any forensics expert will attest to.

Can identical twins unlock fingerprints? ›

As cool as that would be, that sadly doesn't work. Even though twins have the same DNA, we don't have the same fingerprints.

Do identical twins have 100% the same DNA? ›

The DNA of monozygotic twins tends not to be 100% identical, and epigenetic and environmental differences further widen the gap between twin pairs. It's not nature or nurture; it's a complex interaction between our genes, our environment, and our epigenetic markers that shape who we are and what illnesses befall us.

What is the rarest type of twins? ›

MoMo twins are some of the rarest types of twins, making up less than 1 percent of all births in the United States.

Can a boy and girl twin be identical? ›

The simple answer is yes. While there have been a few reported cases of identical twins being born with different sexes, this occurrence is so rare, it's not something twin parents should realistically consider as a possibility.

Are Mary Kate and Ashley identical twins? ›

Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen look identical, but they're actually not. The Olsen twins are fraternal twins; according to E!, Mary-Kate is 1 inch taller than Ashley. After sharing the role of Michelle Tanner on ABC's "Full House," the Olsen twins continued their acting careers side-by-side.

What is the rarest fingerprint type? ›

Arch. Arch fingerprints have ridges that form a hill. Some arches look like they have a pointed tent shape. Arches are the least common type of fingerprint.

Do fingerprints change with age? ›

Fingerprints do not change. However, it can be more difficult to capture our fingerprints as we age. This is because the skin loses elasticity with age, and the patterns become less prominent due to the thickening of ridges and furrows.

Do all 10 fingers have the same fingerprint? ›

Generally, every fingerprint is different. However, there are similarities between your three middle fingers. Your pointer, middle and ring fingers usually have related patterns. Scientists call this “pattern-blocks”.

Why are fingerprints of identical twins different? ›

Identical twins do not have identical fingerprints, even though their identical genes give them very similar patterns. 1 The fetus begins developing fingerprint patterns in the early weeks of pregnancy. Small differences in the womb environment conspire to give each twin different, but similar, fingerprints.

Is DNA illegal? ›

While there are valid and lawful reasons for collecting DNA (often in cases of serious felony arrests), your DNA has a number of protections in place that are constitutionally protected. Simply put, your DNA should only be used for the purpose for which you gave your consent.

Can a DNA test tell the difference between identical twins? ›

Monozygotic (MZ) twins are considered being genetically identical, therefore they cannot be differentiated using standard forensic DNA testing. Here we describe how identification of extremely rare mutations by ultra-deep next generation sequencing can solve such cases.

Do identical twins have the same blood? ›

Monozygotic (identical) twins will have the same blood type, with a few very rare exceptions. Dizygotic (fraternal) twins may have the same blood type, or they may have different types. Therefore, it may be concluded that twins with differing blood types are dizygotic, or fraternal.

Do identical twins can read each other's minds? ›

There is no evidence of twin telepathy. There are many myths about twins—hence, the title of my new book, Twin Mythconceptions: False Beliefs, Fables, And Facts About Twins (2017, Elsevier).

Do twins skip a generation? ›

Do Twins Skip Generations? Many people believe twins skip a generation, but that's just a myth. The idea that twins skip generations likely comes from the fact that the genetic factors contributing to twins only come from the gestational parent's side.

Can you miscarry one twin and stay pregnant with the other? ›

Vanishing twin syndrome (VTS) is a miscarriage that causes a pregnancy involving twins to become a pregnancy involving one baby. It occurs when one of the embryos detected during an ultrasound stops developing. VTS can't be treated or prevented.

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Carlyn Walter

Last Updated:

Views: 6202

Rating: 5 / 5 (70 voted)

Reviews: 85% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Carlyn Walter

Birthday: 1996-01-03

Address: Suite 452 40815 Denyse Extensions, Sengermouth, OR 42374

Phone: +8501809515404

Job: Manufacturing Technician

Hobby: Table tennis, Archery, Vacation, Metal detecting, Yo-yoing, Crocheting, Creative writing

Introduction: My name is Carlyn Walter, I am a lively, glamorous, healthy, clean, powerful, calm, combative person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.